1.- f   2.- d   3.- a   4.- e   5.- b   6.- h   7.- c   8.- g

1. Switzerland primarily gets its energy from nuclear and hydroelectric sources. It made a commitment to cut its reliance on greenhouse gases.

2. Switzerland plans to pay other countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and use these reductions to meet its own emissions goals. The potential issue is that this approach allows a country to avoid taking significant actions to reduce its own emissions.

3. Switzerland's payment to poorer countries helps them improve their way of life without incurring the cost. There is a debate about whether this approach is fair, as rich nations may be the cause of carbon dioxide emissions warming the world.

4. Switzerland is paying to install efficient lighting and cleaner stoves in five million households in Ghana, helping households move away from burning wood for cooking and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

5. The main question being discussed at the United Nations climate conference in Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt, is whether rich nations should help poorer countries with the damage caused by climate change, given that the rich are responsible for carbon dioxide emissions warming the world.

6. The 2015 Paris Agreement allows countries to cooperate in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and has rules to prevent double counting of reductions.

7. Switzerland has signed pacts with eight nations: Peru, Ghana, Senegal, Georgia, Vanuatu, Dominica, Thailand, and Ukraine. Japan and Sweden have expressed their intention to pursue similar deals.

8. Rich nations face criticism for failing to provide financial assistance to poorer nations to help them adapt to warming temperatures. The article suggests that the way Switzerland is addressing the issue is only part of the answer.

9. The article suggests that it is in the best interests of all countries to reduce emissions and that investing in old technologies like coal and fossil fuels does not make sense. A more climate-friendly future is ahead.

10. The phrase "follow the money" is mentioned at the end of the article, suggesting that the financial actions of countries, especially rich nations, are crucial in addressing climate change and that it is important to pay attention to where the money is being invested.

1.- j   2.- i   3.- b   4.- f   5.- e   6.- d   7.- h   8.- c  9.- g   10.- a

1.- The author's view on the ubiquity of technology in our lives is that it has become pervasive in contemporary society. This means that technology, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops, is present everywhere and plays a significant role in our daily lives.

2.- The ephemeral nature of technology refers to the fact that these devices are continually replaced by newer and faster models. This rapid turnover impacts our consumption habits by encouraging frequent upgrades and disposals of old devices, contributing to the problem of electronic waste (e-waste).

3.- In the context of technology, "obfuscate" means to make something unclear or obscure. The author suggests that manufacturers use various tactics to hide or downplay the true environmental and social costs of technology, making it difficult for consumers to fully understand the impact of their choices.

4.- A "sycophant" is someone who excessively praises or flatters someone in authority for personal gain. In the text, it relates to technology consumers who blindly follow the latest trends and buy new devices without considering the environmental or ethical consequences. These consumers are not critical of the industry's practices and are primarily interested in having the latest gadgets.

5.- Some consumers respond to the cacophony of concerns regarding e-waste by seeking more sustainable options. They are not swayed by trends and are concerned about the environmental impact of technology. They are drawn to companies that promote environmental responsibility and ethical practices.

6.- The key characteristics of people described as having esoteric knowledge of the electronics industry are that they possess specialized or insider knowledge about the industry and its environmental impact. They understand the complexities of the industry and its consequences, making them more informed consumers.

7.- Conscientious consumers take an approach that emphasizes sustainability and responsible consumption. They try to extend the lifespan of their devices, repair them when possible, and engage in responsible recycling practices. They are mindful of the environmental impact of their technology choices.

8.- The promotion of modular electronics addresses the issue of e-waste by allowing components to be easily upgraded and replaced. This reduces the ephemeral nature of devices and prolongs their usability. Companies that adopt these practices receive praise from those with an esoteric understanding of environmental issues because they are seen as making environmentally responsible choices and contributing to a more sustainable future.

1. I have a craving to visit Paris next summer.
2. The scientist made a significant breakthrough in cancer research.
3. We need to refurbish the old furniture before selling it.
4. The movie was so riveting that everyone was talking about it.
5. After the storm, there were splintered branches scattered across the road.
6. The chef used a secret ingredient to enhance the flavor of the dish.
7. She is known for her witty sense of humor; everyone loves her jokes.
8. The students showed great composure during the challenging exam.
9. The plot of the novel kept me hooked until the last page.
10. Learning a new language can be a rewarding endeavor.

1. b) To create a unique dining experience
2. c) Weave a tale of mystery and allure
3. b) By creating murals depicting the history of Paris
4. b) Because of Pierre's secret recipes
5. b) A murder in the kitchen
6. a) Envy and ambition
7. c) By the hands of a jealous rival
8. b) A murder involving rival chefs